SCARY
RAPE STATISTICS IN SOUTH AFRICA
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Prevalence
Police crime statistics released in September 2012 state that in 2011/2012 there were a
total of 9 193 sexual offences reported to the South African Police Services (SAPS) in
the Western Cape. This translates into just under 27 cases per day. In total, 64 514
sexual offences were reported countrywide for that period.
The difficulty with using statistics released by the SAPS is that many incidents of rape go
unreported; some studies[1] estimate that if all rapes were reported, the figures could be
as high as 84 000 for the province and just over 500 000 for the country.
The reasons that so many incidents of rape go unreported to the police include:
fear of retaliation or intimidation by the perpetrator
the fact that many survivors lack access to services
the personal humiliation of being exposed as a victim of rape in a community
the extreme suffering that goes hand in hand with rape as a psychological trauma
reluctance to cause pain to loved ones
the fact that the offender is often known to the victim and frequently a member of the
victim’s family
the possibility of negative financial consequences, particularly if the victim is a child
and her family relies on the perpetrator’s income to survive.
These factors are compounded by the stigma associated with rape, and by the fact that
many people in our society subscribe to myths and stereotypes about rape. Most rape
myths lay the blame or responsibility at the door of the victim, by suggesting that her
behaviour somehow led the rapist to rape her. This can lead to further under-reporting,
as rape victims suffer feelings of guilt, or fear of facing the blame of their community or
family. In addition, many survivors only report several months, or even years, after the
incident. Opening old wounds and reliving the trauma of rape all over again can be
daunting.
However, the barrier to reporting that Rape Crisis explores most deeply in our work is
the rape victim’s lack of faith in the ability of the South African Criminal Justice System
(CJS) to offer her services, to protect her, to treat her with dignity and respect and,
above all, to support her claim to justice and to act as a deterrent to rapists.
Causes of rape in South Africa
A culture of violence
South Africa is a country where a substantial portion of the male population historically
bonded in a violent and highly militarised context:[2] both universal conscription of white
men and the absorption of many black men into the liberation struggle have contributed
to a culture that sees violence as a legitimate means of resolving conflicts – a culture
where ‘tough, aggressive, brutal and competitive masculinity is promoted’[3] and
weakness regarded, with contempt, as ‘feminine’. Through this violent struggle, South
Africa has developed what many commentators refer to as a ‘culture of violence’, or at
least an easy acceptance of violence.[4] Next
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